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In 2024, the world faces a mix of geopolitical, political, and environmental challenges that dominate global headlines. One of the most pressing issues is the ongoing Israeli-Palestinian conflict, which escalated further this year. An Israeli airstrike on a Gaza school resulted in the deaths of 18 civilians, including six United Nations workers, sparking widespread international condemnation. The attack highlighted the severe humanitarian crisis in Gaza, where many displaced individuals have sought refuge in schools. Despite calls for a ceasefire, tensions remain high as both Israel and Hamas continue to engage in violence​. In the United States, the 2024 presidential election has become a significant focal point, with the first debate between Kamala Harris and Donald Trump capturing widespread attention. The debate showcased a clear divide between the candidates, with Harris emphasizing her experience and leadership, while Trump continued to push his populist platform. This election is seen as a crucial moment for America, with key issues like immigration, the economy, and climate change on the line. The outcome of this election will have major implications for both domestic and international politics​.On the international stage, North Korea has once again become a source of concern. In September, North Korea launched several ballistic missiles into the East Sea, following leader Kim Jong Un’s call for the expansion of the country’s nuclear capabilities. This missile test heightened tensions in the region, raising alarms in South Korea and Japan, both of which remain on high alert. The ongoing military provocations from North Korea continue to destabilize East Asia, with the international community closely monitoring the situation​. Environmental concerns are also at the forefront of global discussions in 2024. Rising global temperatures are having catastrophic effects on marine ecosystems, with increased ocean acidity, biodiversity loss, and rising sea levels. Human activities such as overfishing, pollution, and the burning of fossil fuels are accelerating the damage. Environmental experts warn that unless immediate action is taken, the world’s oceans and coastal communities will face irreversible harm. The urgency of addressing climate change has never been more apparent, as extreme weather events and natural disasters become more frequent​. One such extreme weather event was Typhoon Yagi, which struck Vietnam with devastating force. As one of the most powerful storms in decades, Typhoon Yagi caused widespread destruction, displacing tens of thousands of people and severely damaging infrastructure. The Vietnamese government, along with international aid organizations, has launched a major relief effort to assist those affected by the storm. The disaster has reignited debates about climate change and its role in increasing the frequency and intensity of such storms​. In addition to these crises, 2024 has also seen progress in the realm of gender equality. For the first time, a record number of women are leading central banks around the world, reflecting a growing trend of female representation in leadership roles. However, while this is a notable achievement, challenges remain in achieving full gender parity across various sectors​.